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認識腦神經外科 – 香港微創腦及脊椎神經外科手術中心

認識腦神經外科

腦神經外科顧名思義就是以外科(手術)的方法來治療神經系統疾病,所以凡是神經系統的疾病能夠經由手術改善或痊癒的,都是腦神經外科的治療領域。神經系統包括中樞神經系統(腦與脊髓)、週邊神經系統及自主神經系統。另外,顱骨與脊椎骨在發生病變時,會壓迫包覆在位其內的腦與脊髓而引起神經症狀,也常需要接受腦神經外科的手術治療。

生活上,有很多疾病甚至意外,都與腦神經外科有關的。

  • 頭部創傷(HEAD INJURY)- 因交通意外、墮地或任何意外以致頭部受創傷者,無論是清醒或情況嚴重,都應該轉介腦神經外科醫生診治。
  • 腦腫瘤(BRAIN TUMOUR)- 各種常見的良性與惡性腦瘤,腦神經外科醫生配合手術導航系統,大大提高手術之精確性與安全性。而最新的數碼影像導航技術冶療,為深部腦腫瘤與不適合手術治療的腦腫瘤患者提供一項準確有效之治療選擇,亦可作為手術治療後之輔佐性治療,以改善腦瘤病患之治療結果及生活品質。近年來,腦腫瘤的化學藥物治療亦相當流行,配合手術或術後的放射線治療以達到最佳的治療效果。
  • 腦中風(STROKE)-治療急性缺血性中風的嶄新「黃金八小時」概念︰腦內血管介入的微創手術(機械式吸取血栓術)。於中風症狀出現後的八小時內接受腦內血管介入的微創手術(機械式吸取血栓術),把缺血的血管再次灌通。就像心臟的通波仔微創手術。而出血性中風亦需要腦神經外科醫生為病人進行緊急開腦手術,清除腦部的積血來挽救生命。
  • 腦血管病變(NEUROVASCULAR DISEASE)-除了腦中風與腦出血的常規手術外,對於各種腦血管病變,包括巨大動脈瘤或動靜脈畸形,均需要腦神經外科醫生以手術、栓塞、置放血管支架、或合併治療等多種方式來治療。
  • 脊椎與脊髓病(SPINAL DISEASE)-常見的頸椎及腰背痛,經診斷後,除了脊椎融合固定手術外,使用手術顯微鏡進行椎間盤軟骨切除、神經減壓等常規手術,脊髓腫瘤與高位頸椎等複雜困難的神經外科手術,亦為腦神經外科醫生常做的手術。

腦神經外科被公認為醫學上地位最高的領域,其原因是醫生要有極其複雜的知識基礎外,還需要經過嚴格的挑選才可獲得允許進行這樣的手術。在允許進行腦神經外科手術前,一個醫生至少需要經過六至七年的訓練,這也是所有醫學專業中最長和要求最高的。

拯救大腦

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